General Information

  • ID:  hor006261
  • Uniprot ID:  Q14641
  • Protein name:  Early placenta insulin-like peptide B chain
  • Gene name:  INSL4
  • Organism:  Homo sapiens (Human)
  • Family:  Insulin family
  • Source:  Human
  • Expression:  Highly expressed in the early placenta. Expression of epil peptides in the villous cytotrophoblast is different from that displayed by the syncytiotrophoblast. In fetal tissues it was identified in the perichondrium of all four limbs, vertebrae, and ribs.
  • Disease:  Diseases associated with INSL4 include Placenta Accreta and Chromosome 9P Deletion Syndrome.
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:   Homo (genus), Homininae (subfamily), Hominidae (family), Hominoidea (superfamily), Catarrhini (parvorder), Simiiformes (infraorder), Haplorrhini (suborder), Primates (order), Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria , Eutheria , Theria , Mammalia (class), Amniota , Tetrapoda , Dipnotetrapodomorpha , Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi , Teleostomi , Gnathostomata , Vertebrata , Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia , Bilateria , Eumetazoa , Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta , Eukaryota (superkingdom),cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005102 signaling receptor binding; GO:0005159 insulin-like growth factor receptor binding; GO:0005179 hormone activity
  • GO BP:  GO:0007165 signal transduction; GO:0007267 cell-cell signaling; GO:1901384 positive regulation of chorionic trophoblast cell proliferation
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005615 extracellular space

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  AELRGCGPRFGKHLLSYCPMPEKTFTTTPGGWL
  • Length:  33
  • Propeptide:  MASLFRSYLPAIWLLLSQLLRESLAAELRGCGPRFGKHLLSYCPMPEKTFTTTPGGWLLESGRPKEMVSTSNNKDGQALGTTSEFIPNLSPELKKPLSEGQPSLKKIILSRKKRSGRHRFDPFCCEVICDDGTSVKLCT
  • Signal peptide:  MASLFRSYLPAIWLLLSQLLRESLA
  • Modification:  NA
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  May play an important role in trophoblast development and in the regulation of bone formation.
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  NA
  • Target Unid:  NA
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  NA
  • Structure ID:  AF-Q14641-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor006261_AF2.pdbhor006261_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 422321 Formula: C165H252N44O44S3
Absent amino acids: DINQV Common amino acids: G
pI: 8.8 Basic residues: 5
Polar residues: 13 Hydrophobic residues: 8
Hydrophobicity: -35.45 Boman Index: -3365
Half-Life: 4.4 hour Half-Life Yeast: >20 hour
Half-Life E.Coli: >10 hour Aliphatic Index 50.3
Instability Index: 4519.39 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 7115
Absorbance 280nm: 222.34

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  8666396
  • Title:  Cloning of a new member of the insulin gene superfamily (INSL4) expressed in human placenta.
  • PubMed ID:  14702039
  • Title:  Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.
  • PubMed ID:  15164053
  • Title:  DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9.
  • PubMed ID:  15489334
  • Title:  The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).
  • PubMed ID:  15340161
  • Title:  Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites.
  • PubMed ID:  9284764
  • Title:  Identification of pro-EPIL and EPIL peptides translated from insulin-like 4 (INSL4) mRNA in human placenta.
  • PubMed ID:  9740319
  • Title:  Insulin-like 4 (INSL4) gene expression in human embryonic and trophoblastic tissues.
  • PubMed ID:  12414911
  • Title:  Transcriptional expression of genes involved in cell invasion and migration by normal and tumoral trophoblast cells.